深度解析考研英语历年真题中的反常长难句(上)-抱负途考研

深度解析考研英语历年真题中的反常长难句(上)-抱负途考研缩略图

原标题:深度解析考研英语历年真题中的反常长难句(上)-抱负途考研

摘要:长难句大约是考研英语中最让人头疼的了,语法基础不过关,语感不杰出,真的是不好掌控,但它还挺重要,因为触及到阅览文章的正确了解、翻译题的精确翻译。考生需要对历年考研英语真题中的经典长难句进行深度分析,如此才干真实前进长难句破解的功力。今日抱负途高教师就为我们深度解析这些长难句,篇幅缘由,这次是前半有些。

 一、it is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words,all we can do is articulate our reactions to it,and not grasp music itself.1.要点词汇及短语:

describe…with… 用……描绘……

articulate 【生义】v. 理解地表达,描绘【熟义】adj. 清楚理解的

reaction n. 反应

grasp v. 了解,领会(尤指凌乱的作业或观念)

2.语句成分分析:本句为主从复合句,骨干是it is also the reason…。why引导定语从句,说明阐明the reason。定语从句中包括了一个时刻状语从句when we try to describe music with words。联络副词why引导限制性定语从句,润饰先行词reason, 在定语从句中充当缘由状语。

例如:he didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.从句引导词选用联络副词why仍是联络代词that/which,取决于先行词reason在从句中充当的成分:先行词reason在从句中作副词性成分,大约用why。

例如:please tell me the reason why he was late.(先行词reason在从句中作缘由状语);先行词reason在从句中作名词性成分,大约用that/which。例如:please tell me the reason that/which made him late.(先行词reason在从句中作主语)

3.参阅译文:这也是为啥当咱们企图用言语描绘音乐时,咱们只能表达出自个对音乐的感触,而无法领会音乐本身。

二、asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,mcnutt said:”the creation of the’statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”1.要点词汇及短语:

impel v. 促进,迫使【用法】impel sb to do sth迫使或人做……

statistics board 计算板

concern n. 担忧,忧虑;重要的作业 concern about/over/with 对……关怀

application n. 请求书;使用;使用程序

语句成分分析:本句的骨干是…mcnutt said…。分词短语asked whether…the change作语句的状语。引号中的内容是said的宾语,其骨干是the creation of the “statistics board” was motivated…and is part of…。句中的broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research说明阐明concerns的内容。

句中的to increase…we publish说明阐明drive的内容,其间we publish是一个省掉了that的定语从句,润饰research。作“是……仍是……”解时,whether标明一种选择,这今后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。

作“是不是,会不会”解时,whether可用来引导名词性从句,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导主语从句时,可用it作方法主语。引导宾语从句时whether可与if换用。

参阅译文:当被问道是不是某些特别的文件推进了这项改变时,麦克纳特答复说:“计算审稿编委会的树立源于对计算学和数据分析在科学研讨中运用情况的广泛担忧,也是《科学》杂志为前进咱们所宣告的研讨的可仿制性而做出的全部尽力的一有些。”

三、they could still invalidate fourth amendment protections when facing severe,urgent circumstances,and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending.1.要点词汇及短语:

invalidate v. 使无效;证明(崇奉或说明)是无效的

severe v. 非常严峻的;困难的

take reasonable measures to 采纳合理的办法去……

warrant n. 令状,答应

pending n. 在等候……之际

语句成分分析:本句是一个由and联接的并排句。and前面的骨干规划为they could still invalidate fourth amendment protections…,when facing severe, urgent circumstances是时刻状语从句,因为face的逻辑主语与主句主语共同,因而省掉主语和系动词,face用如今分词方法。

and之后的语句骨干规划为they could take reasonable measures…,to ensure that…pending是意图状语,that引导的从句作ensure的宾语。

状语从句中的省掉原则是:假定从句主语与主句主语共同,或从句的主语是it,可省掉从句的联接词、主语和be动词,只保存分词和其它成分,然后使言语愈加简练明晰。

比方时刻状语中的省掉、地址状语中的省掉、让步状语从句中的省掉等。例如:the river is clean where (it is) deep.

参阅译文:在严峻、紧迫的情况下,他们还可以无视第四批改案的维护。此外,在等候答应令签发时刻,他们还可以采纳合理办法保证手机里的数据不被删去或篡改。

四、california has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling,particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.1.要点词汇及短语:

justice n. 司法准则;公正;公正性;justification n. 合理的理由

refrain from 抑制;抑制

sweeping adj. 影响广泛的

assumption n. 假定,假定;承担,就任

possession n. 具有;一切物,资产;in possession of 具有……

suspect v. 猜测,置疑;认为(或人)有违法嫌疑

【用法】suspect sb of doing sth 置疑或人做……

语句成分分析:本句的骨干规划为california has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling…。第一个that引导的定语从句润饰one。在该定语从句中,还有一个that引导的同位语从句,说明阐明the old assumption。

在该同位语从句中,骨干规划为authorities may search through the possessions of suspects…。被润饰的词不一样:同位语从句一般润饰标明归纳意义的笼统名词,如fact,news,truth, hope, promise, answer, belief, condition, doubt等。

定语从句所润饰的名词则没有这样的限制。从句的作用不一样:同位语从句标明同位名词的具体内容,而定语从句是对先行词的捆绑、阐明。引导词不一样:what,how,whether等不能用来引导定语从句,但可用于引导同位从句。

3.参阅译文:加利福尼亚州呼吁法官不要做出太笼统的判决,特别不要打乱早年的假定,即在逮捕嫌犯时当局可以查找其工业。

五、though all the subjects were drawn from a population of european extraction, care was taken to see that all subjects,friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.1.要点词汇及短语:

draw from 从……中得到,从……获取

european n. 欧洲人 adj. 欧洲的;欧洲人的;european union 欧洲联盟,欧盟

europe n. 欧洲;欧盟;欧洲大陆

extraction n. 取出;提炼;mineral/oil etc extraction 矿藏;石油等的发掘

extract v. 获取,提炼;(从书中)选择,摘抄;获取,得到优点

extract sth from sth 从……获取……

extractor n. 抽取;抽取器

be taken from 来自;从……摘取

2.语句成分分析:该句的骨干规划是…care was taken…。though引导的是让步状语从句,to see…population是不定式规划作意图状语,that引导的从句作see的宾语。

不定式用作意图状语常常位于句首在或句末。一般说来,用于句首归于偏重性用法,即偏重动词的意图。

从语法上看,不定式标明意图一般是指发生在谓语动作之后的动作,也就是说,若以谓语动作发生的时刻为标准,用作意图状语的不定式是一个没有发生的将来动作。

3.参阅译文:尽管一切的实验目标都是从原籍欧洲的人员中选择,可是研讨人员也花费了精力来保证一切的实验目标,不管是兄弟仍是陌生人,都是来自同一集体。

六、as you will come to see,knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.1.要点词汇及短语:

come to do sth 来做某事;初步做某事

深度解析考研英语历年真题中的反常长难句(上)-抱负途考研插图

mental health 心思安康

available adj. 可用的,可获得的;有空的;没有伴侣的

availability n. 有用性;有用性

allow sb to do sth 答应或人做某事

slow down 减速,怠慢速度 【反义词组】speed up 加速

2.语句成分分析:该句是一个复合句,骨干为knowing that…and knowing to trust it allow us…。

as指代整个语句的内容。that mental health is always available为宾语从句作knowing的宾语。knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it其实是两个并排的主语,然后边的allow us…为谓宾有些。

as引导非捆绑性定语从句,指代整个语句的内容,意为“正如……,就像……”,从句可以置于句首、句中或句尾。

例如:as everyone knows, china is a beautiful country with a long history.留心:as和which 引导的非捆绑性定语从句有必定的差异:as和which都可以指代主句中的一有些内容或整句内容,有时可以交换。

可是 as引导的非捆绑性定语从句方位比照活络,可以放在主句前面、中心或许后边,一般用逗号与主句离隔。which引导的非捆绑性定语从句则只能放在主句后边。

3.参阅译文:你会逐渐发现,理解心思安康一向在身边而且深信它,这可以让咱们怠慢节奏、享受当下、高兴地日子。

七、although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.1.要点词汇及短语:

mental adj. 精力安康的;精力状况的;思维的

mentally adv. 精力上 mentally ill精力

cure-all 包治百病的良药

perfectly adv. 完全地,十足地;完满地

perfect adj. 完满的;最佳的,抱负的

direct adj. 直接的≠ indirect ;v. 给(或人)指路;指引

direct … through… 指引……经过……

2.语句成分分析:本句骨干为:it is perfectly ordinary…。although引导的是让步状语从句。as引导的是缘由状语从句,在这个缘由状语从句中,包括一个that引导的宾语从句。

引导让步状语从句的隶属连词首要的有although,though,even though,even if等。此外,用when 和while也可以引导让步状语从句,意思是“尽管”或“尽管”[举例阐明]。

例:while i admit his good points,i can see his bad ones. 该句还有一个很难处置的点,through all your difficult decisions.through标明经过,可是翻译的时分不能硬性刺进汉语,根据语境应当隐去其词义,处置成“在你难以做抉择时”。

3.参阅译文:尽管心思安康是咱们日子中的万能药,但它其实非常一般,你会发如今你难以做抉择时,它一向在指引着你。

8、according to research from princeton university,people assess your competence,trustworthiness,and likeability in just a tenth of a second,solely based on the way you look.1.要点词汇及短语:

assess v. 评价,判定 = judge

be assessed as sth 被评价/断定为;be assessed at sth 评价……

competence n. 才能,担任;技能

trustworthiness(trust + worthy) n. 可信度

trustworthy adj. 值得信赖的,可靠的 = dependable

likeability (like + ability)n. 喜爱程度

a tenth of a second 非常之一秒

solely adv. 只是,仅有地,绝无仅有地 = only ;sole a. 仅有的,仅有的

2.语句成分分析:本句为简略句,但规划比照凌乱,包括3个状语。according to research from princeton university作整个语句的状语,in just a tenth of a second作时刻状语,solely based on the way you look作方法状语。

状语用来阐明地址、时刻、缘由、意图、成果、条件、方向、程度、方法和伴随情况等。一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或恰当于副词的词或短语来担任。其方位一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中。

例1:ten years ago,she began to live in dalian.例2:having had a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper。

3.参阅译文:根据普林斯顿大学的研讨,我们会在只是非常之一秒的时刻内,仅根据你的表面去评判你的才能、可信度以及你受人喜爱的程度。

 九、the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in.1.要点词汇及短语:

loyal adj. 忠诚的,忠诚的 ≠ disloyal;be loyal to 对……忠诚

loyalty n. 忠诚,忠诚,忠贞

favor v. 更喜爱;倾向 n. 恩惠;撑持,附和;in favo(u)r of sth 撑持,欣赏……

sustain v. 坚持,坚持 = maintain;遭受,饱尝believe in 信赖,信赖

2.语句成分分析:本句骨干the idea goes…,正常语序应为the idea goes (that) the most loyal customers would… and they’d feel like they were… believe in。

the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor和they’d feel like they were helping…believe in为and联接的两个并排的同位语从句,说明the idea。

在第一个同位语从句中,they favor是一个定语从句,润饰the product。在第二个同位语从句中,like平等于as if,这今后紧跟的内容为表语从句。在这个表语从句中,包括一个定语从句they believe in,润饰something。

表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语。可接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,seem,sound,appear等。可引导表语从句的词有:隶属连词whether,as,as if / though,联接代词who,whom,whose以及because,why等。

参阅译文:这种主意是,最忠诚的顾客仍然情愿买他们喜爱的产品,他们还会觉得自个在协助坚持他们信赖的产品的质量。

十、“we estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern,such as child labour,or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials,”says one researcher.1.要点词汇及短语:

estimate v. 估量,预算;n. 估量,预算;报价

eliminate v. 消除,铲除;选择;消除

substantial adj. 许多的,多的

concern n. 忧虑的事;担忧

corporate giving 公司捐赠

results in 致使,构成

bribe v. 贿赂,收购;诱哄;

2.语句成分分析

本句是一个复合句,引号中语句的骨干:we estimate…。第一个that引导的宾语从句作estimate的宾语。

在这个宾语从句中,either eliminating … or …规划为主语,such as child labour具体举例阐明labour-rights concern,results in作谓语,fines为宾语,that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials作定语从句润饰fines。

英语的复合句一般分为三大类型:名词性从句、描述词性从句和副词性从句。在整个复合句中起名词作用,充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等的各种从句,总称为名词性从句。

具有描述词功用,在复合句中做定语的从句被称之为描述词性从句或定语从句。副词性从句也称为状语从句,首要用来润饰主句或许主句的谓语。

3.参阅译文:

一位研讨人员说:“据咱们估量,或许消除严峻的劳作权力方面的疑问,如招聘童工,或许添加公司捐赠额20%支配,都会使有贿赂国外官员情况的公司所遭到的罚款比一般的要低40%。”

后半有些会在收拾好之后发布哦,尽情等待!

最终期望以上的内容对我们有协助,祝我们下一年考研成功考上自个抱负的学校。抱负途专心名校考研专业课关于性辅导,我们假定有啥疑问,等待抱负途·高教师 扣扣:壹玖贰陆叁肆陆叁叁肆 维信:壹捌零捌壹壹叁壹叁伍肆 微博 抱负途考研征询高教师 2021考研交流群:310432604回来搜狐,查看更多

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