三战老狗考研英语二2011年text3全文翻译笔记(三战考研值不值)

三战老狗考研英语二2011年text3全文翻译笔记(三战考研值不值)缩略图

??结合真题去背专业课啊亲!你都不知道你忽视的部分能有多大分值,你也不知道你以为的(或者别人让你以为的)重点也不过就那点分!(尤其是连书目都没给的学校)

以下文章,空行分段,划线部分是该段核心句,红字是亮光个人认为的段落大意,文章中的蓝字为解题句,选项里的蓝色则是正确选项,希望有助于大家食用。

①we tend to think of the decades immediately following world war ii as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the g. i. bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.

我们更愿意认为,紧紧跟随二战后的几十年是一段繁荣和发展的时间段,数百万士兵返回家乡,根据g.a.法案走进大学并且排上了结婚所的队伍。

本文讲的是二战后几十年的繁荣和发展时期。

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①but when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more.

但是当来到他们的房子,这个时间段,大众的共识并且信仰少即是多。

②during the depression and the war, americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination(结合、联合)?with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.(31)

在世界大战和大萧条时期,美国人学会了简单的生活,并且约束克制,结合对战后未来的自信,使得小的、有效率的房子非常流行。

战后大家相信少即是多,在美国流行小的、高效的房子。

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①economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living.?

经济条件只是导致高效住房的一个刺激因素。

②the phrase “less is more”was actually first popularized by a german, the architect ludwig mies van der rohe, who like other people associated with the bauhaus(包豪斯建筑学派), a school of design, emigrated(移民)?to the united states before world war ii and took up posts at american architecture schools.

短语“少即是多”实际上是通过德国建筑师lmvdr最先流行起来的,他是和设计学院——包豪斯建筑学派的其他相关人士一样,在二战之前移民到了美国,并且在美国建筑学校的岗位上工作。

③these designers came to exert enormous in
三战老狗考研英语二2011年text3全文翻译笔记(三战考研值不值)插图
fluence on the course(课程、道路)?of american architecture, but none more so than mies.(32)

这些设计师在美国建筑的历程中发挥了巨大的影响力,但是没有一个人的影响能比密斯大。

影响美国房屋风格的重要原因之一是建筑设计师的流行风尚。

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①mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration(装饰), properly organized, has more impact than a lot. (33)

密斯的标志性短语的意思是:更少的装饰,适当地组织,比起繁杂用更多的效果。

②elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. (33)

他相信,优雅并不源于丰富。

③like other modern architects, he employed metal(金属、合金), glass and laminated(层压的、薄板状的)?wood—materials(材料)?that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future.

像是其他的现代建筑师,他使用金属、玻璃和层积木——这些材料我们今天确实常常使用,但是在20世纪40年代,这种材料象征着未来。

④mies’s sophisticated(复杂的、精致的、世故的)?presentation masked(掩饰、戴面具)?the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty(空的、无意义的).(33)

密斯的精巧展示掩饰了实际上他所设计的空间的小而高效,而不是大且空旷。

影响美国建筑风格的建筑师——密斯的“少即是多”的具体解释。

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①the apartments in the elegant towers mies built on chicago’s lake shore(海滨)?drive, for example, were smaller(34)—two-bedroom units under 1,000 square(平方的)?feet(脚、尺)—than those in their older neighbors along the city’s gold coast.

例如,密斯在芝加哥湖海公路建筑的优雅公寓,比黄金海岸的临近的老房子都要小——两个卧室不到1000平方英尺。

②but they were popular because of?their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.(34)

但是这个公寓很受欢迎,因为它的空气玻璃墙,可呈现的视野和优雅的建筑细节以及比例大小,这种建筑和当时的抽象艺术一样受欢迎。

举例,密斯的某公寓就因为“少即是多”的理念倍受欢迎。

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①the trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign.

这种“节俭”的趋势并不完全来自国外。

②in the 1930s frank lloyd wright started building more modest and efficient houses—usually around 1,200 square feet—than the spreading two-storey(两层的)?ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20 thcentury.

在20世纪30年代,flw开始建筑比他在19世纪90年代和20世纪早期所设计的两层楼的房屋更加适度和有效的房屋——常常面积1200平方英尺。

“少即是多”的流行风尚不完全源于国外。

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①the “case study houses” commissioned from talented modern architects?by california arts & architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown(国产的)?influence on the “less is more” trend.

在1945到1962年间,加利福尼亚艺术和建筑杂志委托的天才设计师(所著作)“房屋学习案例”,也是另一种“少即是多”趋势的国内影响。

②aesthetic(美的、美学的、审美的)?effect came from the landscape(风景), new materials and forthright(直率的)?detailing. (35)

美的效果来自风景、新的材料和直接的细节。

③in his case study house, ralph rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical(机械的、力学的、无意识的)?revolution would impact everyday life—few american families acquired helicopters(直升机), though most eventually got clothes dryers(烘干机)—but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable(可取的、令人向往的)?and inevitable(必然的)?was widely shared.

在他的房屋学习案例中,rr可能错误预测了机械革命如何影响了每日的生活——很少有美国家庭获得了直升机,尽管多数人最终获得了衣服烘干机——但是他的自给自足是渴望且不可避免的观念是被广泛共识了的。

有一本国内的“房屋学习案例”也体现了“少即是多”。

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31.?the postwar american housing style largely reflected the americans’______.

战后美国人的房屋风格很大程度上反映了美国人的

[a]?prosperity and growth

繁荣与发展(这是战后时期的总体描述,不是美国人的特点)

[b]?efficiency and practicality

效率和实用(效率是房屋风格,实用压根没有)

[c]?restraint and confidence

约束和自信(是的,美国人的约束和自信)

[d]?pride and faithfulness

自信和诚信(自信有,诚信没有啊)

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32.?which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about bauhaus?

对于包豪斯学院我们可以从第三段中推断出什么

[a]?it was founded by ludwig mies van der rohe.

它是由lmvdr所创立的(不是他创立的,他只是和包豪斯的其他设计师一样二战到美国生活了)

[b]?its designing concept was affected by world war ii.

它的设计观念受到二战的影响(不,人家学院的设计师二战前就移民美国并且任职产生影响了。)

[c]?most american architects used to be associated with it.

大多数美国建筑师过去都与它有关联(most这种程度副词没有明确的同义复现或者原词复现,就不能随便选)

[d] it had a great influence upon american architecture.

对美国的建筑有很大的影响(原文同义复现,挑不出错的选项)

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33.?mies held that elegance of architectural design ______.

密斯认为,建筑设计的优雅

[a]?was related to large space

与大空间有联系(不,要小)

[b]?was identified with emptiness

被认同于空旷(不,是小而精致)

[c]?was not reliant on abundant decoration

不依赖丰富的装饰(是的)

[d]?was not associated with efficiency

和效率没关系?(有关,小而高效)

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34.?what is true about the apartments mies built on chicago’s lake shore drive?

关于密斯在芝加哥湖海公路建筑的公寓的描述,正确的是

[a]?they ignored details and proportions.

它们忽视了细节和比例(和原文相反)

[b]?they were built with materials popular at that time.

它们用当时流行的材料建成(不,是当时来看很未来的材料建成的)

[c]?they were more spacious than neighboring buildings.

它们比邻近的建筑物要更大空间(相反)

[d]?they shared some characteristics of abstract art.

他们共同拥有一些抽象艺术的特征(对的)

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35.?what can we learn about the design of the “case study house”?

我们可以从“房屋学习案例”的设计中了解什么

[a]?mechanical devices were widely used.

机械设置被广泛使用(没啊,错误预测了啊)

[b]?natural scenes were taken into account.

自然风景被计算在内(natural scenes是landscape的同义改写,正确,顺便找个同义替换可能有人认不出来,因为有人landscape都不知道什么意思,是的就是我)

[c]?details were sacrificed(牺牲)?for the overall effect.

为了整体效果牺牲细节(没啊,而且不是一直秉承着注重细节吗)

[d]?eco-friendly materials were employed.

环境友好材料被使用(没说材料是不是环境友好)

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