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europe
欧洲
spanish art: exhibitionism
西班牙艺术：展览主义
the prado’s renaissance.
普拉多的文艺复兴
at the turn of this century the prado, spain’s premier art museum, slumbered in neglect.
本世纪之交，西班牙名列前茅的美术馆普拉多一度退出大众视界，处于沉寂傍边。
limited opening hours and an almost complete lack of information about its paintings seemed calculated to put off visitors.
翻开时刻有限而且几乎完全短少画展信息，这如同是在有意唐塞游客。
deliverance came with a law in 2003 granting it autonomy from the civil service.
跟着2003年法令出台保证其自治权，普拉多获得安适。
before that the museum’s staff ran the place in their own interest and the director had little power, says eduardo serra, a former defence minister who as chair of the prado’s trustees pushed the law through.
在此之前博物馆的打点人员根据本身利益进行运作，馆长几乎没有权力，上一任国防部长eduardo serra如是说。他一起是普拉多推进出台法令的受托公司的董事长。
to implement it he hired miguel zugaza, a shrewd manager, as director.
为了施行改造，他雇佣精明精干的miguel zugaza担任馆长。
miguel falomir, who was appointed as mr zugaza’s successor on march 21st, inherits a prado that is flourishing.
miguel falomir于3月21日被录用为zugaza先生的继任者，接手昌盛打开的普拉多。
it attracts 3m visitors a year.
普拉多每年招引三百万游客。
it has weathered state funding cuts: about 70% of its budget of 45 million euros ($49m) now comes from tickets, merchandising, fees from foreign exhibitions and sponsorship.
这饱尝住了国家资金削减的检测：其总核算为4500万欧元，其间70%来自门票，产品出售，国外展览费用和赞助费的收益。
above all, the prado has shed its provincialism.
最重要的是，普拉多脱离了狭隘主义。
“it was very introverted,” says mr falomir, an expert on titian.
提香研讨专家falomir 先生说，“之?〉惫乇铡薄?br>
it used to mount exhibitions only of spanish painting.
普拉多曩昔只举办西班牙绘画展览。
when it branched out, with shows on rubens and titian, colleagues across europe and america were sceptical.
当它拓荒领域，举办有关鲁本斯和提香的展览时，欧洲和美国的火伴标明置疑。
“not any more,” he adds.
“再没有其他的了”，他弥补说。
last summer’s blockbuster exhibition of three-quarters of the surviving work of hieronymus bosch was one that only the prado, with its large bosch collection, could have organised.
上一年夏天普拉多展出了希罗宁姆斯·博希四分之三的现存作品，颤动一时，也只需普拉多具有如此之多博希的藏品，可以组织得起这样规划的展览。
mr falomir still faces challenges.
falomir先生仍然面临应战。馆内阻止拍摄和自拍。
all museums must cope with mass tourism.
博物馆有必要能应对许多游客。
in a sensible compromise, entrance to the prado is free for the last two hours of each day.
作为符合道理的折中方案，每天最终俩小时进入普拉多是免费的。
those who pay 15 euros to come earlier can contemplate velazquez’s “las meninas” with fewer jostling tour parties.
要是付出15欧元提行进入，游客就可以避开推推挤挤的旅行团，细细品尝委拉兹开斯的《宫娥》。
photographs and selfies are bann
ed.
在里边阻止拍摄及自拍。
to counteract young spaniards’ declining interest in the art of the past, mr falomir wants to bring in contemporary art inspired by the prado’s collection.
为了抵消西班牙年青人对曩昔的艺术作品快乐喜爱的衰减，falomir先生想要引入受普拉多藏品启示创造的今世艺术品。
as museums become more and more alike, the prado’s collection remains unique.
尽管其他博物馆在不断趋于类似，普拉多的藏品仍坚持着一起性。
unlike the louvre or london’s national gallery, it is not encyclopaedic.
普拉多不像卢浮宫和伦敦国家美术馆那样包含万象。
its core is the royal collection, which reflects the tastes of spain’s monarchs in its golden age.
反映西班牙黄金时期君主品尝的皇家藏品是其中心。
that makes it “magnificently unbalanced”, says mr falomir.
falomir先生说：“这使得普拉多的藏品呈现‘光辉壮美式’地失衡。”
no other museum can count 200 goyas, 90 rubenses, 40 titians or most of the surviving work of velazquez or bosch.
没有其他博物馆能具有如此之多的大师手笔：包括戈雅的作品两百件，鲁本斯的作品九十件，提香的作品四十件和委拉兹开斯及博希遗作的绝大有些。
to mark the museum’s bicentenary in 2021 work will start on an extension designed by norman foster.
为了2021年的两百周年岁念日，博物馆将根据norman foster的方案打开扩建作业。
it will include a restored hall of the realms, the grandest remnant of the 17th-century palace that once stood on the prado’s site.
这将包括批改一个王国的厅堂，曾位于于普拉多展区的17世纪最雄伟艳丽的宫廷遗址。
velazquez’s “surrender of breda” and his five great equestrian portraits will return to the hall, where they originally hung.
委拉兹开斯的《布列达的屈服》和五幅骑士肖像画将回归展厅并挂到原处。
some 200 paintings currently in storage will go to the new space.
当前储存着的两百幅油画也将送往新的展区。
spain’s national self-confidence was shaken by the financial crisis of 2008-09.
西班牙的民族自傲被2008-09年迸发的经济危机不坚决。
many new museums around the country were revealed to be the unaffordable trophies of local politicians.
在国内兴建博物馆成了当地政客担负不起的要强之举。
the prado’s lesson for post-crisis spain is that professionalism, entrepreneurial drive and internationalisation bring rewards.
普拉多给后危机年代的西班牙上了一课：前进专业水平，决计立异和接轨世界才会带来酬谢。
词语说明
1.bring in 引入；出产
例句:the firm decided tobring ina new management team.
该公司抉择聘请新的打点团队。
2.financial crisis 经济危机
例句:thisfinancial crisis had a much greater impact on main street.
这次金融危机对老群众的影响更为深远。
3.royal collection皇家保藏
例句:profits from the sale will go to the royal collectiontrust.
更多皇家保藏的留念品将在下一年的钻石庆典上发布。
4.in storage储存
例句:the collection has been in storagefor decades.
这些保藏品已保管了几十年。
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